DISEASE SCANNER

Global Incurable Diseases Tracker

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Genetic Disorder

Zellweger Syndrome

HIGH SEVERITY

The most severe peroxisome biogenesis disorder (PBD), caused by mutations in PEX genes. Peroxisomes fail to form, affecting multiple metabolic pathways. Causes severe neurological abnormalities, liver dysfunction, and characteristic facial features.

Global Affected

10.0K

Countries

15

Symptoms

Severe hypotonia
Seizures
Distinctive facial features
Cataracts
Liver enlargement
Kidney cysts
Skeletal abnormalities
Developmental delay

Treatment Options

Genetic counseling
Supportive care
Symptom management
Enzyme replacement (if applicable)
Physical therapy
Regular monitoring
Multidisciplinary care

Risk Factors

1Family history
2Genetic mutations
3Consanguinity
4Advanced paternal age
5Ethnic predisposition

Diagnostic Methods

  • 1Genetic testing
  • 2Clinical evaluation
  • 3Family history assessment
  • 4Specialized laboratory tests
  • 5Imaging studies
  • 6Biopsy (if applicable)

Prognosis

Very poor. Classic form: death typically within 6-12 months of age. Severe hypotonia, characteristic facial features, liver dysfunction, seizures. No curative treatment available. Supportive care focuses on comfort. Clinical trials of DHA supplementation ongoing but not curative. Genetic counseling for recurrence risk (25%). Prenatal diagnosis available via biochemical or molecular testing. Family support and palliative care essential. Milder variants (NALD, IRD) have longer survival with significant disability.

Prevention

  • Genetic counseling
  • Carrier screening
  • Prenatal diagnosis
  • Preimplantation genetic diagnosis
  • Family planning

Research Status

No cure. Supportive care only. Most infants die within first year. Research on peroxisome function and potential therapies ongoing. Genetic counseling for families.

Sources

  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1116
  • https://medlineplus.gov/genetics
  • https://rarediseases.org

Medical Disclaimer

This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult healthcare professionals for medical advice, diagnosis, and treatment.