DISEASE SCANNER

Global Incurable Diseases Tracker

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Genetic Disorder

Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome

HIGH SEVERITY

An X-linked immunodeficiency characterized by thrombocytopenia with small platelets, eczema, and immunodeficiency. Caused by WAS gene mutations affecting hematopoietic cell signaling. Risk of autoimmune disease and lymphoma.

Global Affected

10.0K

Countries

15

Symptoms

Bleeding tendency
Eczema
Recurrent infections
Easy bruising
Petechiae
Autoimmune manifestations
Lymphadenopathy
Splenomegaly

Treatment Options

Genetic counseling
Supportive care
Symptom management
Enzyme replacement (if applicable)
Physical therapy
Regular monitoring
Multidisciplinary care

Risk Factors

1Family history
2Genetic mutations
3Consanguinity
4Advanced paternal age
5Ethnic predisposition

Diagnostic Methods

  • 1Genetic testing
  • 2Clinical evaluation
  • 3Family history assessment
  • 4Specialized laboratory tests
  • 5Imaging studies
  • 6Biopsy (if applicable)

Prognosis

Improved with transplant. Without treatment: death by age 10-15 from infection, bleeding, or malignancy. Hematopoietic stem cell transplant curative: 80-90% survival with matched sibling donor, 70-80% with matched unrelated donor. Gene therapy trials promising. Prophylactic antibiotics and IVIG reduce infections. Splenectomy contraindicated due to infection risk. Eczema manageable with topical therapy. Autoimmune complications affect 40%. Lymphoma risk 20-30%. Early transplant before complications improves outcomes.

Prevention

  • Genetic counseling
  • Carrier screening
  • Prenatal diagnosis
  • Preimplantation genetic diagnosis
  • Family planning

Research Status

Hematopoietic stem cell transplant curative. Gene therapy trials showing promise. Supportive care with IVIG, antibiotics, platelet transfusions. Splenectomy may reduce bleeding but increases infection risk.

Sources

  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1116
  • https://medlineplus.gov/genetics
  • https://rarediseases.org

Medical Disclaimer

This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult healthcare professionals for medical advice, diagnosis, and treatment.