A common fungal infection affecting up to 75% of women at least once in their lifetime. Caused by Candida overgrowth, most commonly Candida albicans. Characterized by intense itching and thick, white discharge. Recurrent infections (≥4 per year) affect 5-8% of women and significantly impact quality of life.

• 1Clinical presentation
• 2Vaginal pH testing (normal in candidiasis)
• 3Wet mount microscopy with KOH prep
• 4Gram stain
• 5Fungal culture for recurrent cases
• 6DNA probe tests

Uncomplicated yeast infections respond to treatment in 80-90% of cases within 3-7 days. Recurrent infections affect 5-8% of women and require longer initial therapy (7-14 days) followed by maintenance therapy. Non-albicans species may be more resistant to standard treatment. Chronic or recurrent infections significantly impact sexual health and quality of life. Diabetes control reduces recurrence rates. Most women can self-diagnose and treat after initial medical confirmation.

• Avoiding unnecessary antibiotic use
• Wearing cotton underwear
• Avoiding tight-fitting clothing
• Keeping vaginal area dry
• Managing blood sugar if diabetic
• Probiotic supplementation
• Avoiding douching