DISEASE SCANNER
Global Incurable Diseases Tracker
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Progressive metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency. Accounts for 90-95% of diabetes cases. Strongly associated with obesity and sedentary lifestyle.
537.0M
111
Symptoms
Treatment Options
Risk Factors
Diagnostic Methods
- 1HbA1c >=6.5%
- 2Fasting plasma glucose >=126 mg/dL
- 32-hour OGTT >=200 mg/dL
- 4Random glucose >=200 mg/dL with symptoms
- 5Home glucose monitoring
- 6Continuous glucose monitoring
Prognosis
Reduced life expectancy by ~10 years if poorly controlled. Complications: CVD, CKD, retinopathy, neuropathy, amputations. Remission possible with early intensive treatment and weight loss.
Prevention
- Weight loss (7% body weight)
- Physical activity (150 min/week)
- Healthy diet (Mediterranean, DASH)
- Smoking cessation
- Regular screening (every 3 years if >45)
- Metformin for prediabetes
Research Status
GLP-1 receptor agonists (semaglutide, tirzepatide) revolutionizing treatment with weight loss and CV benefits. SGLT2 inhibitors showing renal and cardiac protection. Dual/triple agonists (tirzepatide) superior. Metabolic surgery induces remission. Gene therapy research.
Affected Countries
Sources
- https://www.endocrine.org
- https://www.cdc.gov/
- https://www.hematology.org/education/patients
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books
- https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases
Medical Disclaimer
This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult healthcare professionals for medical advice, diagnosis, and treatment.