DISEASE SCANNER

Global Incurable Diseases Tracker

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Orthopedic Condition

Temporomandibular Joint Disorder (TMD/TMJ)

LOW SEVERITY

A group of conditions affecting the temporomandibular joint, jaw muscles, and facial nerves. Causes pain and dysfunction in the jaw joint and muscles controlling jaw movement.

Global Affected

120.0M

Countries

19

Symptoms

Jaw pain
Clicking/popping sounds
Limited jaw movement
Locking of jaw
Ear pain
Headaches
Facial pain
Difficulty chewing

Treatment Options

Physical therapy
Occlusal splints
Pain relievers
Muscle relaxants
Botox injections
Cognitive behavioral therapy
Arthrocentesis
Arthroscopy
Open joint surgery (rare)
Stress management

Risk Factors

1Jaw injury
2Teeth grinding
3Arthritis
4Connective tissue diseases
5Stress
6Poor posture
7Chewing gum frequently
8Female gender (young adults)

Diagnostic Methods

  • 1Physical examination
  • 2Dental examination
  • 3X-rays
  • 4CT scan
  • 5MRI
  • 6Arthroscopy
  • 7TMJ imaging

Prognosis

Generally good. Most improve with conservative treatment. Chronic in some. Not progressive. Surgery rarely needed. Quality of life improved with proper management.

Prevention

  • Avoid teeth grinding
  • Stress management
  • Good posture
  • Avoid excessive chewing
  • Use protective mouthguard
  • Regular dental check-ups

Research Status

Conservative treatment first: PT, behavioral therapy, occlusal splints. Botox for refractory cases. Arthrocentesis and arthroscopy for internal derangement. Surgery rare. CBT effective. Multidisciplinary approach best.

Affected Countries

United StatesUnited KingdomCanadaAustraliaGermanyFranceItalySpainJapanBrazilMexicoIndiaChinaRussiaSwedenNetherlandsNorwayFinlandDenmark

Sources

  • https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/tmj
  • https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/articles/2007/0315/p772.html
  • https://www.hematology.org/education/patients
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books
  • https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases

Medical Disclaimer

This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult healthcare professionals for medical advice, diagnosis, and treatment.