DISEASE SCANNER

Global Incurable Diseases Tracker

Back to Globe
Autoimmune Disease

Sjögren's Syndrome

LOW SEVERITY

A systemic autoimmune disease primarily affecting exocrine glands, particularly lacrimal and salivary glands, causing dry eyes and mouth. Can affect any organ system (systemic Sjögren's). Strongly female predominance (9:1). Associated with increased lymphoma risk.

Global Affected

4.0M

Countries

15

Symptoms

Dry eyes (keratoconjunctivitis sicca)
Dry mouth (xerostomia)
Joint pain
Parotid gland swelling
Fatigue
Vaginal dryness
Systemic manifestations (vasculitis, ILD, neuropathy)

Treatment Options

Corticosteroids
Immunosuppressants
Biologic agents
DMARDs
Plasmapheresis
IVIG
Physical therapy
Symptom management

Risk Factors

1Female gender
2Family history
3Genetic predisposition
4Environmental triggers
5Infections
6Hormonal factors
7Smoking

Diagnostic Methods

  • 1Autoantibody testing
  • 2Inflammatory markers
  • 3Imaging
  • 4Biopsy
  • 5Clinical criteria
  • 6Exclusion of other causes

Prognosis

Variable; many autoimmune diseases are chronic with relapsing-remitting courses. Early treatment and modern biologics have significantly improved outcomes.

Prevention

  • No specific prevention
  • Smoking cessation
  • Avoidance of triggers
  • Early diagnosis and treatment
  • Regular monitoring

Research Status

Symptomatic treatment with artificial tears, saliva substitutes. Hydroxychloroquine for systemic features. Rituximab for severe organ involvement. No disease-modifying therapy. Biologics in trials.

Affected Countries

AustraliaBrazilCanadaChileChinaGermanySpainFinlandFranceUnited KingdomIndonesiaIndiaItalyJapanUnited States

Sources

  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519046
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books
  • https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions
  • https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases

Medical Disclaimer

This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult healthcare professionals for medical advice, diagnosis, and treatment.