DISEASE SCANNER

Global Incurable Diseases Tracker

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Infectious Disease

Sepsis

HIGH SEVERITY

A life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Medical emergency with high mortality. Septic shock is a subset with circulatory and cellular/metabolic dysfunction. Leading cause of death in hospitals.

Global Affected

49.0M

Countries

111

Symptoms

Fever or hypothermia
Tachycardia
Tachypnea
Altered mental status
Hypotension
Oliguria
Hypoxia
Abnormal coagulation
Elevated lactate
Mottled skin
Capillary refill >3 seconds

Treatment Options

Early broad-spectrum antibiotics
IV fluid resuscitation
Vasopressors (norepinephrine first-line)
Source control (drainage, surgery)
Mechanical ventilation
Renal replacement therapy
Blood products
ICU care

Risk Factors

1Age >65 or <1
2Immunocompromise
3Chronic diseases
4Recent surgery
5Indwelling catheters
6Mechanical ventilation
7Prolonged hospitalization
8Antibiotic resistance
9Male gender

Diagnostic Methods

  • 1Blood cultures (before antibiotics)
  • 2Lactate level
  • 3Complete blood count
  • 4Comprehensive metabolic panel
  • 5Coagulation studies
  • 6Chest X-ray
  • 7Urinalysis and culture
  • 8Procalcitonin
  • 9SOFA or qSOFA score

Prognosis

Hospital mortality 15-30%. Septic shock mortality 40-50%. Each hour delay in antibiotics increases mortality 7-10%. Long-term cognitive and physical impairment common in survivors. Post-sepsis syndrome.

Prevention

  • Infection prevention
  • Hand hygiene
  • Vaccination
  • Early recognition
  • Antibiotic stewardship
  • Source control
  • Care bundles in ICU

Research Status

Hour-1 bundle: lactate, blood cultures, antibiotics, fluids, vasopressors. No benefit from tight glycemic control or early goal-directed therapy (ProCESS/ARISE/ProMISe trials). Vitamin C/thiamine/hydrocortisone controversial. Machine learning for early detection.

Affected Countries

United StatesUnited KingdomCanadaAustraliaGermanyFranceItalySpainJapanChinaIndiaBrazilRussiaSwedenNetherlandsBelgiumSwitzerlandAustriaDenmarkNorwayFinlandPolandCzech RepublicHungaryRomaniaBulgariaCroatiaSloveniaSlovakiaLTLVEEIrelandPortugalGreeceCYMTLUIcelandNew ZealandSouth KoreaSingaporeTaiwanHong KongMalaysiaThailandVietnamIndonesiaPhilippinesSouth AfricaNigeriaEgyptTurkeyIranSaudi ArabiaUAEQatarKuwaitOmanJordanLebanonSyriaYemenIraqAfghanistanPakistanBangladeshLKNPMMKHLAMNKazakhstanUzbekistanTMKGTJAzerbaijanAMGEUkraineBelarusMDALBAMEMKSerbiaXKMexicoArgentinaChileColombiaPeruVenezuelaEcuadorUYPYBOCRPAGuatemalaHNSVNIBZJMHaitiDominican RepublicCuba

Sources

  • https://www.cdc.gov
  • https://www.who.int
  • https://www.hematology.org/education/patients
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books
  • https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases

Medical Disclaimer

This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult healthcare professionals for medical advice, diagnosis, and treatment.