DISEASE SCANNER

Global Incurable Diseases Tracker

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Infectious Disease

Rubella (German Measles)

MODERATE

A mild viral infection causing rash and fever, but devastating to developing fetuses (congenital rubella syndrome). Usually mild in children and adults but can cause miscarriage, stillbirth, or severe birth defects if contracted during pregnancy. Vaccine-preventable.

Global Affected

100.0K

Countries

20

Symptoms

Mild fever
Rash (pink/light red spots)
Swollen lymph nodes
Runny nose
Red eyes
Joint pain (adults)
Headache
Enlarged spleen (rare)

Treatment Options

Supportive care
Fever reducers
Rest
Hydration
Joint pain management
Avoid pregnancy for 28 days post-vaccination
Immunoglobulin (exposed pregnant women)

Risk Factors

1Unvaccinated status
2Pregnancy (fetal risk)
3Travel to endemic areas
4Contact with infected person
5Lack of childhood vaccination

Diagnostic Methods

  • 1Clinical diagnosis
  • 2Serology (IgM/IgG)
  • 3RT-PCR
  • 4Viral culture
  • 5Prenatal testing (if maternal infection suspected)

Prognosis

Excellent for non-pregnant individuals. Mild, self-limiting. Risk to fetus: miscarriage, stillbirth, deafness, cataracts, heart defects, intellectual disability. Congenital rubella syndrome affects 90% if infected first trimester.

Prevention

  • MMR vaccination (2 doses)
  • Pre-conception vaccination screening
  • Prenatal rubella immunity testing
  • Avoid contact with infected persons during pregnancy
  • Travel vaccination

Research Status

MMR vaccine highly effective. WHO goal of rubella elimination. Congenital rubella syndrome preventable through vaccination. Post-exposure prophylaxis available. Research on vaccine safety in pregnancy ongoing.

Sources

  • https://www.cdc.gov/rubella
  • https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/rubella
  • https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/rubella

Medical Disclaimer

This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult healthcare professionals for medical advice, diagnosis, and treatment.