DISEASE SCANNER

Global Incurable Diseases Tracker

Back to Globe
Gynecologic Condition

Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)

LOW SEVERITY

A combination of physical and emotional symptoms that occur 1-2 weeks before menstruation. Affects up to 90% of women of reproductive age. Severe form (PMDD) affects 3-8% and causes significant functional impairment.

Global Affected

1.5B

Countries

111

Symptoms

Mood swings
Irritability
Bloating
Breast tenderness
Fatigue
Headaches
Food cravings
Anxiety
Depression
Difficulty concentrating

Treatment Options

SSRIs (fluoxetine, sertraline)
Hormonal contraceptives
Calcium supplements
Magnesium supplements
Vitamin B6
Regular exercise
Cognitive behavioral therapy
GnRH agonists (severe)

Risk Factors

1Age 20-30
2Family history
3History of depression
4High stress
5Sedentary lifestyle
6Smoking
7High caffeine intake

Diagnostic Methods

  • 1Symptom diary for 2-3 cycles
  • 2Medical history
  • 3Rule out other conditions
  • 4Thyroid function tests

Prognosis

Good with management. Symptoms resolve with menstruation. 80% improve with treatment. PMDD may require ongoing therapy. Symptoms often worsen with age until menopause.

Prevention

  • Regular exercise
  • Balanced diet
  • Adequate sleep
  • Stress management
  • Limit caffeine/alcohol/salt
  • Calcium supplementation

Research Status

SSRIs (fluoxetine, sertraline) for mood symptoms. Hormonal contraceptives, especially drospirenone-containing pills. Lifestyle modifications (exercise, diet). Calcium, magnesium, B6 supplements. GnRH agonists for severe cases. Novel: allopregnanolone analogs (brexanolone).

Sources

  • https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/premenstrual-syndrome
  • https://www.acog.org/womens-health
  • https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books

Medical Disclaimer

This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult healthcare professionals for medical advice, diagnosis, and treatment.