A psychiatric disorder that may occur in people who have experienced or witnessed a traumatic event. Affects 6-8% of the population at some point in life. Characterized by intrusive memories, avoidance, negative alterations in cognition and mood, and marked alterations in arousal and reactivity.

• 1DSM-5 criteria assessment
• 2PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5)
• 3Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS-5)
• 4Trauma exposure assessment
• 5Screening for comorbid depression, substance use
• 6Assessment of functional impairment
• 7Evaluation of suicide risk

With trauma-focused CBT, 50-60% achieve remission. Without treatment, 30-50% have chronic course lasting years. 30% achieve spontaneous remission within 6-12 months. Comorbid depression and substance abuse common and worsen outcomes. Early treatment improves prognosis significantly. PTSD increases cardiovascular disease risk and reduces life expectancy. Functional impairment significant in work and relationships. Suicide risk 2-3x higher than general population. Resilience and post-traumatic growth possible with treatment.

• Critical incident stress debriefing (controversial)
• Psychological first aid after trauma
• Building resilience before trauma
• Social support after traumatic events
• Early intervention for acute stress disorder
• Avoiding alcohol and drugs as coping mechanisms
• Mindfulness and stress reduction training