DISEASE SCANNER
Global Incurable Diseases Tracker
Polycythemia Vera
A chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by overproduction of red blood cells due to JAK2 V617F mutation in most cases. Increases blood viscosity and risk of thrombosis, leading to strokes, heart attacks, and clots.
250.0K
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Symptoms
Treatment Options
Risk Factors
Diagnostic Methods
- 1Complete blood count
- 2Peripheral smear
- 3Bone marrow biopsy
- 4Coagulation studies
- 5Hemoglobin electrophoresis
- 6Flow cytometry
- 7Genetic testing
Prognosis
Near-normal life expectancy with modern management. Risk of thrombosis is 2-4% per year; controlled with phlebotomy, aspirin, and cytoreduction. Risk of transformation to myelofibrosis is 10-15% over 10 years. Risk of transformation to acute leukemia is low (2-4%) without exposure to chemotherapy/radioactive phosphorus. JAK2 inhibitors (ruxolitinib) for resistant cases. Regular phlebotomy to maintain hematocrit <45% in men, <42% in women. Cardiovascular risk factor modification important.
Prevention
- Genetic counseling
- Nutritional adequacy
- Avoidance of triggers
- Vaccinations
- Regular monitoring
- Family screening
Research Status
Phlebotomy to maintain hematocrit <45%. Low-dose aspirin reduces thrombosis risk. Hydroxyurea or interferon for high-risk patients. Ruxolitinib for refractory cases. JAK inhibitors showing promise.
Affected Countries
Sources
- https://www.hematology.org
- https://medlineplus.gov/blooddiseases.html
- https://www.hematology.org/education/patients
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books
- https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases
Medical Disclaimer
This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult healthcare professionals for medical advice, diagnosis, and treatment.