DISEASE SCANNER

Global Incurable Diseases Tracker

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Genetic Disorder

Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD)

HIGH SEVERITY

A genetic disorder characterized by growth of numerous cysts in the kidneys, leading to enlarged kidneys and progressive loss of kidney function. Autosomal dominant PKD (ADPKD) is most common. Cysts can also develop in liver and other organs.

Global Affected

12.5M

Countries

15

Symptoms

High blood pressure
Back or side pain
Headaches
Blood in urine
Enlarged abdomen
Kidney stones
Frequent UTIs
Kidney failure

Treatment Options

Genetic counseling
Supportive care
Symptom management
Enzyme replacement (if applicable)
Physical therapy
Regular monitoring
Multidisciplinary care

Risk Factors

1Family history
2Genetic mutations
3Consanguinity
4Advanced paternal age
5Ethnic predisposition

Diagnostic Methods

  • 1Genetic testing
  • 2Clinical evaluation
  • 3Family history assessment
  • 4Specialized laboratory tests
  • 5Imaging studies
  • 6Biopsy (if applicable)

Prognosis

ADPKD: ESRD by age 60 in 50%. Tolvaptan slows progression. ARPKD: variable, liver disease major issue. Transplant outcomes good.

Prevention

  • Genetic counseling
  • Carrier screening
  • Prenatal diagnosis
  • Preimplantation genetic diagnosis
  • Family planning

Research Status

Tolvaptan approved to slow progression in ADPKD. Blood pressure control critical. Treatment of complications. Dialysis or transplant for ESRD. Gene therapy research ongoing.

Sources

  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1116
  • https://medlineplus.gov/genetics
  • https://rarediseases.org

Medical Disclaimer

This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult healthcare professionals for medical advice, diagnosis, and treatment.