DISEASE SCANNER
Global Incurable Diseases Tracker
Back to Globe
Infectious Disease
Pneumonia
HIGH SEVERITY
Infection causing inflammation of lung air sacs (alveoli). Can be bacterial, viral, or fungal. Leading cause of death in children worldwide and serious illness in elderly.
Global Affected
450.0M
Countries
157
Symptoms
Cough with phlegm
Fever, sweating, shaking chills
Shortness of breath
Chest pain with breathing/coughing
Fatigue
Loss of appetite
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
Confusion (especially elderly)
Treatment Options
Antibiotics (bacterial)
Antivirals (viral)
Oxygen therapy
IV fluids
Fever reducers
Hospitalization (severe)
Mechanical ventilation
Chest physiotherapy
Risk Factors
1Age <5 or >65
2Chronic lung disease
3Smoking
4Immunosuppression
5Diabetes
6Heart disease
7Recent viral infection
8Aspiration risk
9Malnutrition
10HIV/AIDS
Diagnostic Methods
- 1Chest X-ray
- 2Blood tests
- 3Sputum culture
- 4Pulse oximetry
- 5CT scan
- 6Bronchoscopy
- 7Pleural fluid culture
Prognosis
Variable by cause and host. Bacterial: good with antibiotics. Viral: usually self-limiting. Mortality: 5-10% hospitalized; higher in elderly/immunocompromised.
Prevention
- Vaccination (pneumococcal, influenza, COVID-19)
- Hand hygiene
- Smoking cessation
- Good nutrition
- Managing chronic conditions
- Aspiration precautions
Research Status
Vaccines (pneumococcal) prevent bacterial pneumonia. Novel antibiotics for resistant organisms. COVID-19 highlighted pneumonia severity. Better diagnostic tools. Corticosteroids for severe community-acquired pneumonia.
Affected Countries
IndiaChinaPakistanBangladeshNigeriaDR CongoEthiopiaIndonesiaPhilippinesVietnamTanzaniaKenyaUgandaMozambiqueZambiaZimbabweMalawiAOCGGAGQCMCFTDNEMaliBFSenegalGNSLLRCIGhanaTGBJGMGWMRERDJSOSSSudanEgyptLibyaTunisiaAlgeriaMoroccoUnited StatesUnited KingdomCanadaAustraliaGermanyFranceItalySpainJapanBrazilMexicoRussiaSwedenNetherlandsBelgiumSwitzerlandAustriaDenmarkNorwayFinlandPolandCzech RepublicHungaryRomaniaBulgariaCroatiaSloveniaSlovakiaLTLVEEIrelandPortugalGreeceCYMTLUIcelandNew ZealandSouth KoreaSingaporeTaiwanHong KongMalaysiaThailandVietnamIndonesiaPhilippinesSouth AfricaNigeriaEgyptTurkeyIranSaudi ArabiaUAEQatarKuwaitOmanJordanLebanonSyriaYemenIraqAfghanistanPakistanBangladeshLKNPMMKHLAMNKazakhstanUzbekistanTMKGTJAzerbaijanAMGEUkraineBelarusMDALBAMEMKSerbiaXKArgentinaChileColombiaPeruVenezuelaEcuadorUYPYBOCRPAGuatemalaHNSVNIBZJMHaitiDominican RepublicCuba
Sources
- https://www.cdc.gov
- https://www.who.int
- https://www.hematology.org/education/patients
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books
- https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases
Medical Disclaimer
This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult healthcare professionals for medical advice, diagnosis, and treatment.