DISEASE SCANNER
Global Incurable Diseases Tracker
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Dermatologic Condition
Onychomycosis (Fungal Nail Infection)
LOW SEVERITY
A fungal infection of the toenails or fingernails causing discoloration, thickening, and crumbling of the nail. Very common condition, especially in older adults. Can be difficult to treat.
Global Affected
35.0M
Countries
16
Symptoms
Thickened nails
Discoloration
Brittle nails
Distorted shape
Foul odor
Separation from nail bed
White spots
Crumbling edges
Treatment Options
Oral antifungals
Topical antifungals
Medicated nail polish
Laser therapy
Surgical removal
Chemical nail removal
Photodynamic therapy
Combination therapy
Risk Factors
1Advanced age
2Diabetes
3Peripheral vascular disease
4Immunosuppression
5Athlete's foot
6Nail trauma
7Warm moist environments
8Poor circulation
Diagnostic Methods
- 1KOH preparation
- 2Fungal culture
- 3Nail biopsy
- 4PCR testing
- 5Physical examination
- 6Dermoscopy
Prognosis
Treatment takes months. Oral medications 70-80% effective. Topical treatments 20-30% effective. High recurrence rate (20-50%). Can be persistent and cosmetically bothersome.
Prevention
- Keep feet dry
- Change socks daily
- Wear breathable shoes
- Don't share nail clippers
- Disinfect nail tools
- Treat athlete's foot promptly
- Wear shower shoes in public areas
Research Status
Oral antifungals are most effective. Topical treatments available but less effective. Laser therapy emerging. New topical solutions in development. High recurrence rate.
Affected Countries
Sources
- https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/nail-fungus/symptoms-causes/syc-20353294
- https://www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/fungal-nail-infection.html
- https://www.hematology.org/education/patients
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books
- https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases
Medical Disclaimer
This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult healthcare professionals for medical advice, diagnosis, and treatment.