DISEASE SCANNER

Global Incurable Diseases Tracker

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Autoimmune Disease

Myasthenia Gravis

MODERATE

A chronic autoimmune disorder causing weakness in skeletal muscles due to antibodies against acetylcholine receptors (AChR), MuSK, or LRP4. Characterized by fluctuating muscle weakness worsening with activity and improving with rest. Can affect any voluntary muscle.

Global Affected

700.0K

Countries

15

Symptoms

Fluctuating muscle weakness
Ptosis (drooping eyelids)
Diplopia (double vision)
Dysarthria
Dysphagia
Proximal muscle weakness
Myasthenic crisis (respiratory failure)

Treatment Options

Corticosteroids
Immunosuppressants
Biologic agents
DMARDs
Plasmapheresis
IVIG
Physical therapy
Symptom management

Risk Factors

1Female gender
2Family history
3Genetic predisposition
4Environmental triggers
5Infections
6Hormonal factors
7Smoking

Diagnostic Methods

  • 1Autoantibody testing
  • 2Inflammatory markers
  • 3Imaging
  • 4Biopsy
  • 5Clinical criteria
  • 6Exclusion of other causes

Prognosis

Variable; many autoimmune diseases are chronic with relapsing-remitting courses. Early treatment and modern biologics have significantly improved outcomes.

Prevention

  • No specific prevention
  • Smoking cessation
  • Avoidance of triggers
  • Early diagnosis and treatment
  • Regular monitoring

Research Status

Eculizumab (C5 inhibitor), efgartigimod (FcRn antagonist), and rozanolixizumab approved. Thymectomy for AChR-positive patients. Pyridostigmine first-line. Immunosuppressants for maintenance.

Affected Countries

AustraliaBrazilCanadaChinaGermanyEgyptSpainFranceUnited KingdomIrelandIndiaItalyJapanSlovakiaUnited States

Sources

  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519046
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books
  • https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions
  • https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases

Medical Disclaimer

This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult healthcare professionals for medical advice, diagnosis, and treatment.