DISEASE SCANNER

Global Incurable Diseases Tracker

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Neurological Disease

Ménière's Disease

MODERATE

A disorder of the inner ear causing episodes of vertigo, fluctuating hearing loss, tinnitus, and aural fullness. Caused by abnormal fluid buildup in the inner ear (endolymphatic hydrops). Affects approximately 12-30 per 100,000 people.

Global Affected

1.0M

Countries

111

Symptoms

Vertigo attacks (20 min-12 hours)
Fluctuating hearing loss
Tinnitus
Aural fullness/pressure
Nausea and vomiting
Imbalance
Drop attacks (Tumarkin crisis)
Anxiety

Treatment Options

Low-sodium diet
Diuretics
Betahistine
Intratympanic gentamicin
Intratympanic steroids
Endolymphatic sac surgery
Vestibular nerve section
Labyrinthectomy (last resort)

Risk Factors

1Age 40-60
2Family history
3Autoimmune disorders
4Allergies
5Viral infections
6Head trauma
7Genetic factors
8Migraine comorbidity

Diagnostic Methods

  • 1Clinical diagnosis (AAO-HNS criteria)
  • 2Audiogram
  • 3Vestibular testing
  • 4MRI (rule out other causes)
  • 5Electrocochleography
  • 6Vestibular evoked myogenic potentials

Prognosis

Variable; 60-80% achieve control with medical therapy. 20% require surgery. Hearing loss may progress to permanent. Vertigo may 'burn out' over years. Significant impact on quality of life.

Prevention

  • Low-sodium diet (1.5-2g/day)
  • Limiting caffeine
  • Limiting alcohol
  • Stress management
  • Regular sleep schedule
  • Avoiding known triggers

Research Status

Betahistine controversial; more effective in Europe. Intratympanic gentamicin for refractory cases. Endolymphatic sac surgery rarely needed. Meniett device (pressure pulse treatment) showing promise. OTO-104 (steroid gel) in trials. Vestibular implants being developed.

Sources

  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books
  • https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions
  • https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases

Medical Disclaimer

This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult healthcare professionals for medical advice, diagnosis, and treatment.