DISEASE SCANNER

Global Incurable Diseases Tracker

Back to Globe
Autoimmune Disease

Lupus Nephritis

HIGH SEVERITY

Kidney inflammation caused by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), affecting 40-60% of lupus patients. Can lead to proteinuria, hematuria, hypertension, and end-stage kidney disease. Six histological classes with varying prognosis.

Global Affected

500.0K

Countries

15

Symptoms

Foamy urine (proteinuria)
Blood in urine
Swelling in legs/feet
High blood pressure
Weight gain from fluid
Fatigue
Fever

Treatment Options

Corticosteroids
Immunosuppressants
Biologic agents
DMARDs
Plasmapheresis
IVIG
Physical therapy
Symptom management

Risk Factors

1Female gender
2Family history
3Genetic predisposition
4Environmental triggers
5Infections
6Hormonal factors
7Smoking

Diagnostic Methods

  • 1Autoantibody testing
  • 2Inflammatory markers
  • 3Imaging
  • 4Biopsy
  • 5Clinical criteria
  • 6Exclusion of other causes

Prognosis

Variable; many autoimmune diseases are chronic with relapsing-remitting courses. Early treatment and modern biologics have significantly improved outcomes.

Prevention

  • No specific prevention
  • Smoking cessation
  • Avoidance of triggers
  • Early diagnosis and treatment
  • Regular monitoring

Research Status

Belimumab and voclosporin added to standard therapy. Mycophenolate mofetil and cyclophosphamide mainstays. Rituximab for refractory cases. SGLT2 inhibitors emerging. Kidney transplant for ESRD.

Affected Countries

United StatesUnited KingdomCanadaAustraliaGermanyFranceItalySpainJapanChinaIndiaBrazilMexicoNigeriaSouth Africa

Sources

  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519046
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books
  • https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions
  • https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases

Medical Disclaimer

This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult healthcare professionals for medical advice, diagnosis, and treatment.