DISEASE SCANNER
Global Incurable Diseases Tracker
Kidney Stones (Nephrolithiasis)
Hard deposits of minerals and salts that form inside the kidneys. Can affect any part of the urinary tract. Cause severe pain when passing. Very common, affecting 1 in 11 people. Often recurrent. Types include calcium oxalate, uric acid, struvite, and cystine stones.
50.0M
22
Symptoms
Treatment Options
Risk Factors
Diagnostic Methods
- 1CT scan (non-contrast - gold standard)
- 2Ultrasound
- 3X-ray (KUB)
- 4Urinalysis
- 5Blood tests (kidney function)
- 6Stone analysis
- 724-hour urine collection
Prognosis
Excellent. Most stones pass spontaneously. Recurrence common (50% within 5-10 years). Preventable with dietary changes and hydration. Rarely causes permanent kidney damage. Quality of life good with prevention.
Prevention
- Drink 2-3 liters water daily
- Limit sodium intake
- Moderate protein intake
- Limit oxalate-rich foods
- Maintain healthy weight
- Calcium with meals (binds oxalate)
- Citrate supplements
- Regular follow-up
Research Status
Most pass spontaneously with hydration and pain control. Lithotripsy for larger stones. Ureteroscopy and percutaneous nephrolithotomy for complex cases. Prevention through diet and hydration. Research on medication dissolution and improved procedures ongoing.
Affected Countries
Sources
- https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/urologic-diseases/kidney-stones
- https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/kidney-stones
- https://www.kidney.org/atoz/content/kidneystones
Medical Disclaimer
This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult healthcare professionals for medical advice, diagnosis, and treatment.