DISEASE SCANNER

Global Incurable Diseases Tracker

Back to Globe
Cancer

Hodgkin Lymphoma

MODERATE

A lymphoid malignancy characterized by Reed-Sternberg cells in lymph nodes. Bimodal age distribution (young adults and elderly). Two main types: classical Hodgkin lymphoma (nodular sclerosis, mixed cellularity, lymphocyte-rich, lymphocyte-depleted) and nodular lymphocyte-predominant.

Global Affected

300.0K

Countries

15

Symptoms

Painless lymphadenopathy
B symptoms (fever, night sweats, weight loss)
Pruritus
Pain with alcohol consumption
Cough/dyspnea (mediastinal)
Fatigue

Treatment Options

Surgery
Chemotherapy
Radiation therapy
Immunotherapy
Targeted therapy
Hormone therapy
Stem cell transplant
Palliative care

Risk Factors

1Age
2Family history
3Genetic mutations
4Smoking
5Alcohol consumption
6Obesity
7Physical inactivity
8Environmental exposures
9Infections (HPV, HBV, HCV, H. pylori)

Diagnostic Methods

  • 1Biopsy
  • 2Imaging (CT, MRI, PET)
  • 3Tumor markers
  • 4Genetic testing
  • 5Endoscopy
  • 6Blood tests
  • 7Screening programs

Prognosis

Early-stage disease has 90-95% cure rate with combined modality therapy. Advanced stage has 75-85% cure rate with chemotherapy. PET-adapted therapy improves outcomes. Relapsed/refractory disease has 50-60% salvage rate with high-dose chemotherapy + autologous stem cell transplant. Brentuximab vedotin and checkpoint inhibitors improve outcomes for transplant-ineligible or post-transplant relapse. Long-term survivors at risk for secondary cancers and cardiac disease.

Prevention

  • Smoking cessation
  • Sun protection
  • Healthy diet
  • Regular exercise
  • Vaccination (HPV, HBV)
  • Screening programs
  • Limit alcohol
  • Maintain healthy weight

Research Status

ABVD chemotherapy (doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine). PET-adapted therapy. Radiation for bulky disease. Nivolumab and pembrolizumab (PD-1 inhibitors) for relapsed/refractory. Brentuximab vedotin. Survival >85%.

Sources

  • https://www.cancer.gov
  • https://www.who.int/cancer
  • https://www.cancer.org

Medical Disclaimer

This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult healthcare professionals for medical advice, diagnosis, and treatment.