DISEASE SCANNER

Global Incurable Diseases Tracker

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Infectious Disease

HIV/AIDS

HIGH SEVERITY

Human Immunodeficiency Virus attacks CD4+ T cells, progressively weakening the immune system. Without treatment, progresses to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Transmitted through blood, sexual contact, and mother-to-child. First described in 1981.

Global Affected

39.0M

Countries

15

Symptoms

Acute retroviral syndrome (fever, rash, lymphadenopathy)
Opportunistic infections
Weight loss
Chronic diarrhea
Night sweats
Oral thrush
Kaposi's sarcoma

Treatment Options

Antibiotics
Antiviral medications
Antifungal agents
Antiparasitic drugs
Supportive care
Fluid management
Isolation precautions
Vaccination

Risk Factors

1Immunocompromised state
2Age (very young or elderly)
3Chronic diseases
4Travel to endemic areas
5Crowded living conditions
6Poor sanitation
7Animal exposure
8Healthcare exposure

Diagnostic Methods

  • 1Culture
  • 2PCR testing
  • 3Serology
  • 4Antigen detection
  • 5Microscopy
  • 6Imaging
  • 7Biopsy

Prognosis

Generally good with appropriate treatment for most infections. Prognosis depends on pathogen virulence, host immune status, and timely treatment initiation.

Prevention

  • Vaccination
  • Hand hygiene
  • Safe food and water
  • Vector control
  • Safe sex practices
  • Prophylactic medications
  • Isolation precautions

Research Status

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) allows near-normal life expectancy. Long-acting injectables (cabotegravir/rilpivirine) approved. Two patients cured via stem cell transplants (CCR5-delta32 mutation). CRISPR-based cure research ongoing.

Affected Countries

South AfricaNigeriaIndiaMozambiqueKenyaTanzaniaUgandaZimbabweZambiaMalawiChinaUnited StatesBrazilRussiaEthiopia

Sources

  • https://www.who.int/health-topics/infectious-diseases
  • https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol
  • https://medlineplus.gov/infectiousdiseases.html

Medical Disclaimer

This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult healthcare professionals for medical advice, diagnosis, and treatment.