DISEASE SCANNER

Global Incurable Diseases Tracker

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Infectious Disease

Chronic Hepatitis B

MODERATE

A viral infection of the liver caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). While vaccines prevent infection, there is no cure for chronic cases. HBV persists as covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) in hepatocytes. Can lead to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.

Global Affected

296.0M

Countries

15

Symptoms

Often asymptomatic for years
Fatigue
Right upper quadrant pain
Jaundice
Dark urine
Nausea
Elevated liver enzymes

Treatment Options

Antibiotics
Antiviral medications
Antifungal agents
Antiparasitic drugs
Supportive care
Fluid management
Isolation precautions
Vaccination

Risk Factors

1Immunocompromised state
2Age (very young or elderly)
3Chronic diseases
4Travel to endemic areas
5Crowded living conditions
6Poor sanitation
7Animal exposure
8Healthcare exposure

Diagnostic Methods

  • 1Culture
  • 2PCR testing
  • 3Serology
  • 4Antigen detection
  • 5Microscopy
  • 6Imaging
  • 7Biopsy

Prognosis

Generally good with appropriate treatment for most infections. Prognosis depends on pathogen virulence, host immune status, and timely treatment initiation.

Prevention

  • Vaccination
  • Hand hygiene
  • Safe food and water
  • Vector control
  • Safe sex practices
  • Prophylactic medications
  • Isolation precautions

Research Status

Nucleos(t)ide analogs (tenofovir, entecavir) suppress viral replication. Interferon for select patients. Functional cure research with siRNA (vir-2218), capsid inhibitors, and TLR agonists in development.

Affected Countries

BangladeshBrazilDR CongoChinaEgyptEthiopiaFranceIndonesiaIndiaNigeriaPhilippinesPakistanRussiaTaiwanVietnam

Sources

  • https://www.who.int/health-topics/infectious-diseases
  • https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol
  • https://medlineplus.gov/infectiousdiseases.html

Medical Disclaimer

This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult healthcare professionals for medical advice, diagnosis, and treatment.