DISEASE SCANNER

Global Incurable Diseases Tracker

Back to Globe
Autoimmune Disease

Guillain-Barré Syndrome

HIGH SEVERITY

An acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy causing rapid-onset muscle weakness and paralysis. Autoimmune attack on peripheral nerves, often triggered by infections. Medical emergency requiring immediate treatment.

Global Affected

150.0K

Countries

15

Symptoms

Ascending muscle weakness
Tingling sensations
Loss of reflexes
Facial weakness
Difficulty breathing
Autonomic dysfunction
Pain
Paralysis (severe cases)

Treatment Options

IV immunoglobulin (IVIG)
Plasma exchange
Pain management
Physical therapy
Respiratory support
Anticoagulation

Risk Factors

1Recent infection (Campylobacter, EBV, CMV)
2Surgery
3Vaccination (rare)
4Age >50
5Male gender

Diagnostic Methods

  • 1Clinical presentation
  • 2Nerve conduction studies
  • 3Lumbar puncture (albuminocytologic dissociation)
  • 4Pulmonary function tests
  • 5Antiganglioside antibodies

Prognosis

80% walk independently at 6 months. 5% die from complications. 10-20% have permanent disability. Recovery takes months to years. 3-5% relapse.

Prevention

  • No primary prevention
  • Prompt treatment of triggering infections
  • Campylobacter prevention (food safety)

Research Status

IVIG and plasma exchange equally effective first-line treatments. Respiratory support critical. Most recover but may have residual weakness. CIDP is chronic variant requiring long-term immunosuppression.

Affected Countries

United StatesUnited KingdomCanadaAustraliaGermanyFranceItalySpainJapanChinaIndiaBrazilMexicoNigeriaSouth Africa

Sources

  • https://www.cdc.gov/
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books
  • https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions
  • https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases

Medical Disclaimer

This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult healthcare professionals for medical advice, diagnosis, and treatment.