DISEASE SCANNER

Global Incurable Diseases Tracker

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Hepatologic Disease

Glycogen Storage Disease Type IV (Andersen Disease)

HIGH SEVERITY

A rare glycogen storage disease caused by glycogen branching enzyme deficiency. Accumulation of abnormal glycogen (polyglucosan) causes progressive liver failure, cirrhosis, and death in infancy or childhood. Also affects muscle and nervous system.

Global Affected

50.0K

Countries

18

Symptoms

Failure to thrive
Hepatosplenomegaly
Hypotonia
Cardiomyopathy
Cirrhosis
Portal hypertension
Ascites
Neuromuscular weakness

Treatment Options

Supportive care
Nutritional support
Management of liver failure
Liver transplantation
Physical therapy
Cardiac management
Genetic counseling

Risk Factors

1Autosomal recessive inheritance
2GBE1 gene mutations
3Family history
4Consanguinity

Diagnostic Methods

  • 1Liver function tests
  • 2Liver biopsy with electron microscopy
  • 3Enzyme assay
  • 4Genetic testing
  • 5Muscle biopsy
  • 6Echocardiogram

Prognosis

Poor; classic hepatic form fatal by age 5 without transplant. Liver transplant can be curative for liver disease. Neuromuscular forms vary.

Prevention

  • Genetic counseling
  • Prenatal diagnosis
  • Newborn screening (pilot programs)
  • Family screening
  • Early diagnosis

Research Status

Supportive care and Nutritional support are primary treatments. Research focuses on improved therapies and outcomes.

Sources

  • https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/glycogen-storage-disease-type-iv
  • https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health-topics/gsd4
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK5300

Medical Disclaimer

This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult healthcare professionals for medical advice, diagnosis, and treatment.