DISEASE SCANNER

Global Incurable Diseases Tracker

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Cancer

Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM)

HIGH SEVERITY

The most common and aggressive malignant primary brain tumor in adults. Characterized by necrosis, microvascular proliferation, and cellular atypia. Median survival 15-18 months with standard treatment despite aggressive therapy. IDH-wildtype is most common.

Global Affected

250.0K

Countries

15

Symptoms

Headaches (often morning)
Seizures
Nausea and vomiting
Personality or behavior changes
Memory loss
Focal neurological deficits
Progressive neurological decline

Treatment Options

Surgery
Chemotherapy
Radiation therapy
Immunotherapy
Targeted therapy
Hormone therapy
Stem cell transplant
Palliative care

Risk Factors

1Age
2Family history
3Genetic mutations
4Smoking
5Alcohol consumption
6Obesity
7Physical inactivity
8Environmental exposures
9Infections (HPV, HBV, HCV, H. pylori)

Diagnostic Methods

  • 1Biopsy
  • 2Imaging (CT, MRI, PET)
  • 3Tumor markers
  • 4Genetic testing
  • 5Endoscopy
  • 6Blood tests
  • 7Screening programs

Prognosis

Despite multimodal therapy (surgery, radiation, temozolomide), median survival is 15-18 months. 2-year survival is 25-30%. 5-year survival is <10%. MGMT promoter methylation predicts better response to temozolomide (23 vs 12 months). Gross total resection adds 3-6 months survival. Bevacizumab improves progression-free survival but not overall survival. Tumor-treating fields (Optune) add 4-5 months. Recurrent disease has median survival of 6-9 months.

Prevention

  • Smoking cessation
  • Sun protection
  • Healthy diet
  • Regular exercise
  • Vaccination (HPV, HBV)
  • Screening programs
  • Limit alcohol
  • Maintain healthy weight

Research Status

Tumor Treating Fields (Optune) approved. CAR-T therapies, oncolytic viruses (DNX-2401), and personalized vaccines in trials. Standard of care: maximal safe resection, radiation, temozolomide. MGMT methylation predictive.

Sources

  • https://www.cancer.gov
  • https://www.who.int/cancer
  • https://www.cancer.org

Medical Disclaimer

This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult healthcare professionals for medical advice, diagnosis, and treatment.