DISEASE SCANNER

Global Incurable Diseases Tracker

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Genetic Disorder

Gitelman Syndrome

MODERATE

A renal tubular disorder caused by SLC12A3 mutations affecting thiazide-sensitive NaCl cotransporter. Characterized by hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, metabolic alkalosis, and hypocalciuria. Milder than Bartter syndrome, often diagnosed in adolescence/adulthood.

Global Affected

50.0K

Countries

15

Symptoms

Hypokalemia
Hypomagnesemia
Metabolic alkalosis
Muscle weakness/cramps
Fatigue
Polyuria
Salt craving
Chondrocalcinosis (adults)

Treatment Options

Genetic counseling
Supportive care
Symptom management
Enzyme replacement (if applicable)
Physical therapy
Regular monitoring
Multidisciplinary care

Risk Factors

1Family history
2Genetic mutations
3Consanguinity
4Advanced paternal age
5Ethnic predisposition

Diagnostic Methods

  • 1Genetic testing
  • 2Clinical evaluation
  • 3Family history assessment
  • 4Specialized laboratory tests
  • 5Imaging studies
  • 6Biopsy (if applicable)

Prognosis

Good with treatment. Lifelong potassium and magnesium supplementation required. Growth normal with therapy. Chronic fatigue may persist. Normal lifespan with compliance.

Prevention

  • Genetic counseling
  • Carrier screening
  • Prenatal diagnosis
  • Preimplantation genetic diagnosis
  • Family planning

Research Status

Lifelong potassium and magnesium supplementation. Potassium-sparing diuretics. NSAIDs sometimes used. Generally good prognosis with treatment. Avoidance of precipitating factors (diuretics, laxatives).

Sources

  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1116
  • https://medlineplus.gov/genetics
  • https://rarediseases.org

Medical Disclaimer

This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult healthcare professionals for medical advice, diagnosis, and treatment.