DISEASE SCANNER

Global Incurable Diseases Tracker

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Infectious Disease

Giardiasis

LOW SEVERITY

An intestinal infection caused by the parasite Giardia lamblia (also called Giardia intestinalis or duodenalis). Common waterborne disease causing diarrhea, gas, and stomach cramps. Most common intestinal parasitic disease in US.

Global Affected

200.0M

Countries

111

Symptoms

Diarrhea (often foul-smelling)
Gas
Stomach cramps
Nausea
Bloating
Dehydration
Fatigue
Weight loss
Greasy stools

Treatment Options

Tinidazole (single dose)
Metronidazole
Nitazoxanide
Paromomycin
Furazolidone
Rehydration
Nutritional support

Risk Factors

1Drinking contaminated water
2Swallowing contaminated recreational water
3Contact with infected person
4Poor sanitation
5Travel to endemic areas
6Daycare centers
7Male-male sexual contact

Diagnostic Methods

  • 1Stool O&P exam
  • 2Stool antigen test
  • 3Enteroscopy with biopsy (rare)
  • 4String test (entero-test)
  • 5PCR

Prognosis

Excellent with treatment; 80-95% cure rate. Some develop post-infectious IBS. Lactose intolerance may persist. Malabsorption in chronic cases.

Prevention

  • Safe drinking water
  • Hand washing
  • Proper sanitation
  • Avoiding swallowing recreational water
  • Food safety
  • Travel precautions

Research Status

Nitazoxanide, metronidazole, tinidazole effective. Some resistance emerging. Vaccine development challenging due to parasite variability. Water treatment and hygiene most effective prevention. Research into chronic giardiasis mechanisms.

Sources

  • https://www.idsociety.org
  • https://www.cdc.gov/
  • https://www.hematology.org/education/patients
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books
  • https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases

Medical Disclaimer

This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult healthcare professionals for medical advice, diagnosis, and treatment.