DISEASE SCANNER

Global Incurable Diseases Tracker

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Endocrine Disorder

Diabetes Insipidus

MODERATE

A disorder of water balance causing excessive urination and thirst due to insufficient ADH (central DI) or kidney resistance to ADH (nephrogenic DI). Distinct from diabetes mellitus despite similar name.

Global Affected

300.0K

Countries

15

Symptoms

Excessive thirst (polydipsia)
Excessive urination (polyuria)
Dilute urine
Nocturia
Dehydration risk
Hypernatremia (if fluid restricted)
Growth failure (children)

Treatment Options

Hormone replacement
Hormone suppression
Medications
Surgery
Radiation therapy
Lifestyle modifications
Regular monitoring

Risk Factors

1Family history
2Autoimmune disease
3Age
4Obesity
5Genetic mutations
6Iodine deficiency/excess
7Medications
8Pituitary tumors

Diagnostic Methods

  • 1Hormone level testing
  • 2Imaging (CT, MRI, ultrasound)
  • 3Stimulation/suppression tests
  • 4Autoantibody testing
  • 5Genetic testing

Prognosis

Generally excellent with proper hormone replacement or suppression. Lifelong monitoring typically required. Complications preventable with good control.

Prevention

  • Screening for at-risk individuals
  • Iodine sufficiency
  • Avoidance of trigger medications
  • Genetic counseling
  • Lifestyle modifications

Research Status

Desmopressin for central DI. Thiazide diuretics, low-solute diet, and prostaglandin inhibitors for nephrogenic DI. Adequate fluid intake essential. Treat underlying cause if possible.

Affected Countries

United StatesUnited KingdomCanadaAustraliaGermanyFranceItalySpainJapanBrazilMexicoNigeriaSouth AfricaIndiaChina

Sources

  • https://www.endocrine.org
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK278949
  • https://www.hematology.org/education/patients
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books
  • https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases

Medical Disclaimer

This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult healthcare professionals for medical advice, diagnosis, and treatment.