Congenital facial malformations occurring when tissues don't fuse properly during fetal development. Can affect lip alone, palate alone, or both. Most common craniofacial birth defect. Multifactorial etiology with genetic and environmental components.

• 1Genetic testing
• 2Clinical evaluation
• 3Family history assessment
• 4Specialized laboratory tests
• 5Imaging studies
• 6Biopsy (if applicable)

Excellent with multidisciplinary care. Multiple surgeries often required. Speech outcomes good with early intervention. Dental alignment may require orthodontics. Psychosocial support important.

• Genetic counseling
• Carrier screening
• Prenatal diagnosis
• Preimplantation genetic diagnosis
• Family planning