DISEASE SCANNER

Global Incurable Diseases Tracker

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Genetic Disorder

Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease

MODERATE

The most common inherited neurological disorder (hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy), affecting peripheral nerves. Progressive muscle weakness and sensory loss, particularly in feet and hands. Multiple genetic subtypes.

Global Affected

2.8M

Countries

15

Symptoms

Foot drop
High-arched feet
Hammer toes
Muscle weakness (distal)
Sensory loss
Decreased reflexes
Hand weakness (later)
Neuropathic pain

Treatment Options

Genetic counseling
Supportive care
Symptom management
Enzyme replacement (if applicable)
Physical therapy
Regular monitoring
Multidisciplinary care

Risk Factors

1Family history
2Genetic mutations
3Consanguinity
4Advanced paternal age
5Ethnic predisposition

Diagnostic Methods

  • 1Genetic testing
  • 2Clinical evaluation
  • 3Family history assessment
  • 4Specialized laboratory tests
  • 5Imaging studies
  • 6Biopsy (if applicable)

Prognosis

Variable by type. Slowly progressive over decades. Most maintain ability to walk. Life expectancy usually normal. Significant disability in some subtypes (CMT4, CMTX with CNS involvement).

Prevention

  • Genetic counseling
  • Carrier screening
  • Prenatal diagnosis
  • Preimplantation genetic diagnosis
  • Family planning

Research Status

Supportive care: orthotics, physical therapy, orthopedic surgery. No disease-modifying therapy yet for most types. PXT3003 in trials for CMT1A (most common type). Genetic counseling important. Usually normal lifespan.

Sources

  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1116
  • https://medlineplus.gov/genetics
  • https://rarediseases.org

Medical Disclaimer

This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult healthcare professionals for medical advice, diagnosis, and treatment.