DISEASE SCANNER

Global Incurable Diseases Tracker

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Autoimmune Disease

Celiac Disease

LOW SEVERITY

An immune-mediated enteropathy triggered by gluten ingestion in genetically susceptible individuals (HLA-DQ2 or DQ8). Autoantibodies (tTG-IgA) cause villous atrophy in small intestine. Associated with dermatitis herpetiformis and increased lymphoma risk.

Global Affected

70.0M

Countries

15

Symptoms

Diarrhea
Bloating and gas
Abdominal pain
Weight loss
Fatigue
Anemia
Dermatitis herpetiformis
Osteoporosis

Treatment Options

Corticosteroids
Immunosuppressants
Biologic agents
DMARDs
Plasmapheresis
IVIG
Physical therapy
Symptom management

Risk Factors

1Female gender
2Family history
3Genetic predisposition
4Environmental triggers
5Infections
6Hormonal factors
7Smoking

Diagnostic Methods

  • 1Autoantibody testing
  • 2Inflammatory markers
  • 3Imaging
  • 4Biopsy
  • 5Clinical criteria
  • 6Exclusion of other causes

Prognosis

Variable; many autoimmune diseases are chronic with relapsing-remitting courses. Early treatment and modern biologics have significantly improved outcomes.

Prevention

  • No specific prevention
  • Smoking cessation
  • Avoidance of triggers
  • Early diagnosis and treatment
  • Regular monitoring

Research Status

Strict gluten-free diet only treatment. Larazotide acetate (zonulin antagonist) in phase 3 trials. Vaccine (Nexvax2) trials ongoing. Must maintain diet for life despite asymptomatic periods.

Affected Countries

AustraliaCanadaGermanySpainFinlandFranceUnited KingdomGreeceIndiaItalyJapanSouth KoreaNorwaySwedenUnited States

Sources

  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519046
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books
  • https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions
  • https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases

Medical Disclaimer

This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult healthcare professionals for medical advice, diagnosis, and treatment.