DISEASE SCANNER

Global Incurable Diseases Tracker

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Cardiac Disease

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

HIGH SEVERITY

A genetic condition causing abnormal thickening of the heart muscle, particularly the left ventricle. Most common cause of sudden cardiac death in young athletes. Can obstruct blood flow (obstructive HCM) or not (non-obstructive).

Global Affected

20.0M

Countries

89

Symptoms

Chest pain
Shortness of breath
Fainting
Palpitations
Heart murmur
Fatigue
Dizziness
Swelling (advanced)

Treatment Options

Beta-blockers
Calcium channel blockers
Disopyramide
Septal myectomy
Alcohol septal ablation
ICD implantation
Antiarrhythmic drugs
Heart transplant (end-stage)
Lifestyle modifications

Risk Factors

1Family history (autosomal dominant)
2Genetic mutations (sarcomere proteins)
3Athletic training (may worsen)
4Male gender
5Age (often diagnosed 20s-40s)

Diagnostic Methods

  • 1Echocardiogram
  • 2Cardiac MRI
  • 3Genetic testing
  • 4ECG
  • 5Holter monitor
  • 6Exercise stress test
  • 7Family screening

Prognosis

Generally good with modern care. Annual sudden death risk 1% (lower with ICD). Life expectancy near normal. Progressive heart failure in minority. Quality of life often excellent with treatment.

Prevention

  • Genetic counseling
  • Family screening
  • Avoidance of competitive sports
  • Adequate hydration
  • Infection prevention (endocarditis)
  • Regular cardiac follow-up

Research Status

Beta-blockers and calcium channel blockers first-line. Septal myectomy (surgical) for obstructive HCM. Alcohol septal ablation (minimally invasive). ICD for sudden death prevention. Genetic testing for family screening. Avoidance of competitive sports.

Affected Countries

United StatesUnited KingdomCanadaAustraliaGermanyFranceItalySpainJapanBrazilMexicoRussiaChinaIndiaSwedenNorwayFinlandNetherlandsBelgiumSwitzerlandAustriaDenmarkPolandCzech RepublicHungaryRomaniaBulgariaCroatiaSloveniaSlovakiaLTLVEEIrelandPortugalGreeceCYMTLUIcelandNew ZealandSouth KoreaTaiwanSingaporeHong KongMalaysiaThailandIndonesiaPhilippinesVietnamSouth AfricaEgyptTurkeySaudi ArabiaUAEQatarKuwaitBHOmanJordanLebanonSyriaIraqIranPakistanBangladeshLKMMKHLAMNKPUzbekistanKazakhstanKGTJTMAzerbaijanAMGEUkraineBelarusMDALBAMKMESerbiaXK

Sources

  • https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hypertrophic-cardiomyopathy
  • https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17679-hypertrophic-cardiomyopathy-hcm
  • https://www.hematology.org/education/patients
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books
  • https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases

Medical Disclaimer

This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult healthcare professionals for medical advice, diagnosis, and treatment.