DISEASE SCANNER

Global Incurable Diseases Tracker

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Cardiac Disease

Atrial Fibrillation

HIGH SEVERITY

The most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia, characterized by chaotic electrical activity in the atria leading to irregular ventricular response. Increases risk of stroke five-fold and heart failure. Prevalence increases with age, affecting ~10% of people over 80.

Global Affected

60.0M

Countries

111

Symptoms

Palpitations
Irregular heartbeat
Shortness of breath
Fatigue
Chest pain
Dizziness
Lightheadedness
Weakness
Exercise intolerance
Syncope (rare)

Treatment Options

Rate control (beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, digoxin)
Rhythm control (antiarrhythmics, cardioversion, ablation)
Anticoagulation (warfarin, DOACs)
Left atrial appendage occlusion
Catheter ablation
Surgical maze procedure

Risk Factors

1Age >65
2Hypertension
3Heart failure
4Coronary artery disease
5Valvular heart disease
6Hyperthyroidism
7Obesity
8Sleep apnea
9Diabetes
10Alcohol (holiday heart)
11Family history
12Athletes (vagal AF)

Diagnostic Methods

  • 1ECG (12-lead or ambulatory)
  • 2Holter monitoring
  • 3Event recorder
  • 4Implantable loop recorder
  • 5Echocardiogram
  • 6Thyroid function tests
  • 7Stress testing
  • 8Electrophysiology study

Prognosis

Stroke risk 4-5x higher than sinus rhythm; heart failure risk increased. With proper anticoagulation, stroke risk reduced by 60-70%. Quality of life often significantly impaired. Mortality approximately doubled compared to matched controls.

Prevention

  • Blood pressure control
  • Weight management
  • Alcohol moderation
  • Sleep apnea treatment
  • Regular exercise
  • Diabetes management
  • Thyroid disorder treatment
  • Early detection programs

Research Status

Catheter ablation (pulmonary vein isolation) increasingly first-line for symptomatic patients. Left atrial appendage occlusion (Watchman) for stroke prevention in anticoagulation-contraindicated patients. Digital health/AI for early detection via smartwatches.

Sources

  • https://www.cdc.gov/
  • https://www.hematology.org/education/patients
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books
  • https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases

Medical Disclaimer

This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult healthcare professionals for medical advice, diagnosis, and treatment.