DISEASE SCANNER

Global Incurable Diseases Tracker

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Cardiac Disease

Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy/Dysplasia (ARVC/D)

HIGH SEVERITY

A progressive cardiomyopathy characterized by fibrofatty replacement of the myocardium, predominantly affecting the right ventricle. Major cause of sudden cardiac death in young athletes, especially in Mediterranean populations.

Global Affected

2.0M

Countries

17

Symptoms

Palpitations
Syncope
Sudden cardiac death
Dyspnea
Chest pain
Fatigue
Often asymptomatic
Right heart failure

Treatment Options

ICD (first-line for sustained VT)
Beta-blockers
Antiarrhythmic drugs
Catheter ablation
Cardiac sympathetic denervation
Heart transplantation
Exercise restriction

Risk Factors

1Desmosomal gene mutations (PKP2, DSP)
2Autosomal dominant inheritance
3Male gender
4Intense endurance exercise
5Family history

Diagnostic Methods

  • 1ECG
  • 2Echocardiogram
  • 3Cardiac MRI
  • 4Signal-averaged ECG
  • 5Electrophysiology study
  • 6Endomyocardial biopsy
  • 7Genetic testing

Prognosis

Variable; 20-year mortality 40% without ICD. ICD reduces sudden death. Progressive heart failure in 10-20%.

Prevention

  • Genetic counseling
  • Family screening
  • ICD implantation
  • Exercise restriction
  • Avoidance of competitive sports

Research Status

ICD (first-line for sustained VT) and Beta-blockers are primary treatments. Research focuses on improved therapies and outcomes.

Sources

  • https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/cardiomyopathy
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1131
  • https://www.hematology.org/education/patients
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books
  • https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases

Medical Disclaimer

This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult healthcare professionals for medical advice, diagnosis, and treatment.